Virology and Pathogenesis#

75 papers

Improving clinical care of patients in Nipah outbreaks: moving beyond ‘compassionate use’#

2024 · The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia

This paper discusses strategies to improve the clinical care for patients in Nipah outbreaks, focusing on enhancing early case detection, optimizing supportive care, adopting a syndromic approach, and…

A short communication of Nipah virus outbreak in India: An urgent rising concern #

2022 · Annals of Medicine and Surgery

This paper discusses the recent re-emergence of Nipah virus (NiV) in India’s Kozhikode district, causing the death of a 12-year-old boy. The authors aim to suggest recommendations to contain and mitig…

Addressing the recurrent Nipah Virus outbreaks: A call for vigilance, collaboration, and preparedness #

2023 · New Microbes and New Infections

This paper calls for vigilance, collaboration, and preparedness to address the recurrent Nipah Virus outbreaks in Kerala, India.

Navigating Nipah virus: Insights, challenges, and recommendations #

2025 · New Microbes and New Infections

This paper discusses the challenges posed by Nipah virus, a zoonotic pathogen, focusing on its diverse strains, recurrent outbreaks, diagnostic limitations, and the need for therapeutic advancements.

Emerging threat: Nipah virus - A call for global preparedness and vigilance #

2024 · New Microbes and New Infections

The paper discusses the emergence of Nipah virus as a global public health threat, with recent outbreaks in Bangladesh raising concerns. There is currently no specific therapeutic intervention for inf…

Infectious disease and economics: The case for considering multi-sectoral impacts #

2019 · One Health

This paper argues for considering the wider socioeconomic consequences of infectious disease events beyond traditional public health sectors.

1-s2.0-S0042682207007593-main #

Designing potential siRNA molecules for silencing the gene of the nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus: A computational investigation #

2022 · Infection, Genetics and Evolution

This paper designs potential siRNA molecules to silence the gene of the nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus, aiming to combat the virus due to its crucial role in viral replication.

In silico prediction of interaction between Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein and host cell receptors Ephrin-B2 and Ephrin-B3 in domestic and peridomestic mammals #

2023 · Infection, Genetics and Evolution

This paper investigates the binding affinity of Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein to host cell receptors Ephrin-B2 and Ephrin-B3 in domestic and peridomestic mammals commonly found in Bangladesh.

Fruit bats as natural reservoir of highly pathogenic henipaviruses: balance between antiviral defense and viral tolerance #

2022 · Current Opinion in Virology

This paper reviews the mechanisms that allow fruit bats to control Henipavirus infection while avoiding uncontrollable virus expansion and immunopathology.

Full genome sequence of Nipah virus from an outbreak in India #

2007 · Emerging Infectious Diseases

This paper describes a full genome sequence of Nipah virus from an outbreak in India that caused encephalitis or respiratory symptoms and resulted in five deaths.

An Immunoinformatics Prediction of Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccines Candidate Against Surface Antigens of Nipah Virus #

2024 · International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics

This paper aims to predict a dual-antigen multi-epitope subunit chimeric vaccine against surface-glycoproteins G and F of Nipah Virus using immunoinformatics analyses.

Characterization of Nipah Virus from Outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2008–2010 #

2018 · Emerging Infectious Diseases

This paper characterizes the complete genomic sequences of Nipah Virus isolates from two patients in Bangladesh in 2008 and partial sequences from three patients in 2010. The sequences were found to b…

A Novel Model of Lethal Hendra Virus Infection in African Green Monkeys and the Effectiveness of Ribavirin Treatment #

2010 · Journal of Virology

This paper introduces a new disease model of acute Hendra Virus infection in African green monkeys and evaluates the effectiveness of Ribavirin treatment.

Molecular Pathogenesis of Nipah Virus #

2023 · Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology

This paper reviews Nipah virus (NiV), a zoonotic disease causing encephalitis and severe respiratory illness in humans, primarily carried by Pteropus spp. bats. It discusses the need for clinical tria…

Glycoprotein attachment with host cell surface receptor ephrin B2 and B3 in mediating entry of nipah and hendra virus: a computational investigation #

2022 · J. Chem. Sci.

This paper investigates the molecular mechanism of interaction between Nipah and Hendra virus glycoproteins and human ephrin-B2 and B3 cell surface proteins using computational methods.

Reproducible generation of Nipah virus pseudovirions with uniform incorporation of F and G surface glycoproteins for high-throughput neutralization assays #

2025 · BMC Microbiology

The paper describes the development of a system to generate Nipah virus pseudovirions with uniform incorporation of F and G surface glycoproteins for high-throughput neutralization assays.

Superspreading, overdispersion and their implications in the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature #

2023 · BMC Public Health

This paper explores the phenomenon of superspreading events in the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic through a systematic review and meta-analysis. It found that a majority of studies reported lower than…

Molecular characterization of Nipah virus from Pteropus hypomelanus in Southern Thailand #

2016 · Virology Journal

This study identified Nipah virus strain using molecular characterizations from Pteropus hypomelanus in southern Thailand.

Nipah Virus Sequences from Humans and Bats during Nipah Outbreak, Kerala, India, 2018 #

2018 · Emerging Infectious Diseases

This paper retrieves Nipah virus sequences from human and bat samples during a 2018 outbreak in Kerala, India, demonstrating the similarity of the virus from humans to that of bats, indicating bats as…

High Pathogenicity of Nipah Virus from Pteropus lylei Fruit Bats, Cambodia #

2019 · Emerging Infectious Diseases

The paper characterizes a Nipah virus (NiV) isolate from Cambodia in 2003, revealing similar cell permissiveness and replication in both bat and human cell lines. The virus has high pathogenic potenti…

Genetic Diversity and Geographic Spread of Henipaviruses #

2024 · Emerging Infectious Diseases

This paper analyzes the genetic diversity and geographic spread of Henipaviruses, including Hendra and Nipah viruses, using data from National Center for Biotechnology Information Virus and VIRION dat…

Nipah virus: pathogenesis, genome, diagnosis, and treatment #

2025 · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

This paper is a detailed review on Nipah virus, covering its origin and spread, modes of transmission, risk factors, genome, key proteins, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostics, and ongoing res…

Revolutionizing Nipah virus vaccinology: insights into subunit vaccine development strategies and immunological advances #

2024 · In Silico Pharmacology

The paper aims to develop a subunit vaccine against the Nipah virus (NiV) by analyzing its proteome and predicting T-cell, helper T-cell, and B-cell epitopes using various servers. The predicted high-…

An Immunoinformatic-Based In Silico Identification on the Creation of a Multiepitope-Based Vaccination Against the Nipah Virus #

2024 · BioMed Research International

This paper describes an in silico study that identifies epitopes from the conserved region of NiV proteins and constructs a multiepitope-based vaccine candidate. The final vaccine candidate has a tota…

Neurological pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and pandemic potential RNA viruses: a comparative analysis #

2024 · Not specified in text

This review paper discusses the abilities of SARS-CoV-2 and other neurotropic RNA viruses, including Zika virus and Nipah virus, to cross the blood–brain barrier into the central nervous system. It hi…

A comparative genomic approach to decipher the mutations associated with Nipah viral human isolates from southeast Asia #

2024 · Volume 16 Number 1 (February 2024) 104-113

This paper uses a comparative genomic approach to identify mutations in Nipah virus (NiV) human isolates from Malaysia, Bangladesh, and India.

Development of Nipah virus-specific IgM & IgG ELISA for screening human serum samples #

2024 · Indian J Med Res

The paper develops and evaluates IgM and IgG ELISAs for detecting Nipah virus antibodies in human sera, demonstrating high specificity and sensitivity.

Genomic characterization, transcriptome analysis, and pathogenicity of the Nipah virus (Indian isolate)#

2023 · VIRULENCE

This paper analyzes the genomic characterization, transcriptome, and pathogenicity of a Nipah virus (Indian isolate) using Vero (ATCC® CCL−81™) and BHK−21 cells in a Syrian hamster model.

Functional and antigenic landscape of the Nipah virus receptor-binding protein #

2025 · Cell

The paper provides insights into the functional and antigenic properties of the Nipah virus receptor-binding protein (RBP) through deep mutational scanning, which helps understand viral evolution and …

Genetic diversity of Nipah virus in Bangladesh #

2021 · International Journal of Infectious Diseases

This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology and evolution of Nipah virus in Bangladesh.

Paramyxoviruses in rodents: A review #

2022 · Open Veterinary Journal

This review discusses various paramyxoviruses found in rodents, their distribution, transmission, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and control measures.

Pathogenicity and virulence of henipaviruses #

2023 · VIRULENCE

This paper reviews the pathogenesis, replication cycle, epidemiology, genomics, and host responses of henipaviruses, including Nipah (NiV), Hendra (HeV), Langya (LayV), Gamak (GAKV), and CedV.

Streamlined detection of Nipah virus antibodies using a split NanoLuc biosensor #

2024 · Emerging Microbes & Infections

Researchers developed and validated a split NanoLuc luciferase NiV glycoprotein (G) biosensor for detecting antibodies in clinical and animal samples. The assay was tested using the WHO’s first intern…

A Novel DNAzyme-Based Fluorescent Biosensor for Detection of RNA-Containing Nipah Henipavirus #

2023 · Biosensors

This paper describes the development of a fluorescent biosensor for detecting Nipah virus RNA using DNAzyme 10–23.

Emerging paradigms of viral diseases and paramount role of natural resources as antiviral agents #

2021 · Science of the Total Environment

This paper suggests that natural resources could be a future source of antiviral therapy for deadly human diseases such as Zika virus disease, Nipah virus disease, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, C…

Antivirotics based on defective interfering particles: emerging concepts and challenges #

2025 · Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

This paper discusses antivirotics based on defective interfering particles and their emerging concepts and challenges.

Immune correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2, Ebola and Nipah virus infection #

2023 · Frontiers in Immunology

This paper reviews the immune correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, and Nipah virus infections.

Immunological correlates of protection afforded by PHV02 live, attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccine against Nipah virus disease #

2023 · Front. Immunol.

This paper investigates immunological correlates of protection afforded by PHV02, a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccine against Nipah virus disease in the African green monkey model….

The latest advancements in Sosuga virus (SOSV) research #

2024 · Front. Microbiol.

This paper reviews the latest advancements in understanding Sosuga Virus (SOSV), a zoonotic paramyxovirus from bats, focusing on its pathogenesis, animal models, and antiviral strategies.

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease #

2024 · The Journal of Clinical Investigation

This paper reports on a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–based vaccine that provides long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease in African green monkeys.

Nipah Virus Bangladesh Infection Elicits Organ-Specific Innate and Inflammatory Responses in the Marmoset Model #

2023 · The Journal of Infectious Diseases

This paper studies the susceptibility and pathogenesis of Nipah virus Bangladesh strain (NiVB) infection in marmosets at biosafety level 4. The study reveals unique transcriptomes in different tissues…

The Genetic Diversity of Nipah Virus Across Spatial Scales #

2024 · The Journal of Infectious Diseases

This paper investigates the genetic diversity of Nipah virus across spatial scales using a comprehensive collection of genomes from bats and humans over 22 years in six countries.

Experimental Infection of Syrian Hamsters With Aerosolized Nipah Virus #

2024 · The Journal of Infectious Diseases

This paper evaluates the infectivity and pathogenicity of aerosolized Nipah virus (NiV) in Syrian hamsters, demonstrating that they develop similar clinical manifestations to those previously describe…

Evaluation of a Single-Dose Nucleoside-Modified Messenger RNA Vaccine Encoding Hendra Virus-Soluble Glycoprotein Against Lethal Nipah virus Challenge in Syrian Hamsters #

2024 · The Journal of Infectious Diseases

A single-dose mRNA vaccine protected up to 70% of Syrian hamsters from lethal Nipah virus challenge, despite animals having suboptimally primed immune responses before challenge.

Highly sensitive and quantitative HiBiT-tagged Nipah virus-like particles: A platform for rapid antibody neutralization studies #

2024 · Heliyon

This paper synthesizes HiBiT-tagged Nipah virus-like particles for in vitro BSL-2 handling and rapid antibody neutralization studies.

Structural and functional analysis of the Nipah virus polymerase complex #

2025 · Cell

The paper determines the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the Nipah virus polymerase complex and performs structural, biophysical, and functional analyses to understand features critical…

Prophylactic protection from lethal henipavirus disease mediated by Nipah-derived defective interfering particles is influenced by challenge virus strain and viral species #

2025 · eBioMedicine

The paper explores the effectiveness of defective interfering particles (DIPs) in reducing clinical signs and lethality of henipavirus infection in Syrian hamsters.

Co-evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants and host immune response trajectories underlie COVID-19 pandemic to epidemic transition #

2023 · iScience

The study investigates the differential host-immune kinetics associated with SARS-CoV-2 variants during different time periods of Pre-VOC and VOCs (Delta & Omicron). The findings suggest that Omicron …

Remdesivir (GS-5734) protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus challenge #

2019 · Sci Transl Med

The paper tests the efficacy of remdesivir (GS-5734), a broad-acting antiviral nucleotide prodrug, against Nipah virus in African green monkeys. Remdesivir treatment resulted in the survival of all tr…

Late remdesivir treatment initiation partially protects African green monkeys from lethal Nipah virus infection #

2024 · Antiviral Res.

Late treatment with remdesivir partially protects African green monkeys from lethal Nipah virus infection, but does not prevent clinical disease or histologic lesions in the brain.

Science. 2022 March 25; 375(6587): 1373–1378.#

2022 · Science

This paper determines a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the Nipah virus (NiV) attachment glycoprotein (G) homotetrameric ectodomain in complex with the nAH1.3 broadly neutralizing antibody Fab f…

Hendra and Nipah Infection: Pathology, Models and Potential Therapies #

2011 · Infect Disord Drug Targets

This paper reviews the unique features of henipavirus infections, and discusses different strategies and animal models that have been developed to identify and test potential drugs for preventing or t…

Ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 as functional henipavirus receptors #

2012 · Semin Cell Dev Biol

This paper reviews recent progress in the study of henipavirus entry, particularly the identification of ephrins as their entry receptors, and the structural characterization of the ephrin/Henipa-G in…

Henipavirus Receptor Usage and Tropism #

2012 · Curr Top Microbiol Immunol.

This paper reviews the biology of the henipavirus receptors, ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3, and how their usage relates to henipavirus cell tropism in vitro and in vivo.

Potent monoclonal antibody–mediated neutralization of a divergent Hendra virus variant #

2022 · Not specified in the text

This paper studies a new variant of Hendra virus (HeV-g2) that has unprecedented genetic divergence and identifies it in horses and flying fox species in Australia. The researchers demonstrate that He…

A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease #

2024 · Not specified in the text

The paper discusses a study using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vaccine to protect nonhuman primates from lethal Nipah virus disease, with protection observed in monkeys vaccinated 7…

Feline Morbillivirus: A Unique Pathogen Infecting Domestic Cats #

2024 · Journal Name not provided in the text

This paper investigates a newly discovered pathogen, Feline Morbillivirus (FeMV), affecting domestic cats. The study determines the complete sequence of FeMV and reveals unique characteristics that di…

The Nature of Exposure Drives Transmission of Nipah Viruses from Malaysia and Bangladesh in Ferrets #

2016 · PLoS Negl Trop Dis

This paper investigates the differences in transmission of Nipah viruses between Malaysia and Bangladesh in ferrets, suggesting a contributory mechanism for increased transmission of NiV-BD compared t…

Aerosol exposure to intermediate size Nipah virus particles induces neurological disease in African green monkeys #

2018 · PLoS Negl Trop Dis

This paper investigates the effects of aerosol exposure to intermediate size Nipah virus particles on African green monkeys, mimicking potential human exposure, and finds that it induces neurological …

Nipah Virus Inhibitor Knowledgebase (NVIK): a combined evidence approach to prioritise small molecule inhibitors #

2025 · Journal of Cheminformatics

This paper presents the Nipah Virus Inhibitor Knowledgebase (NVIK), a resource for NiV drug discovery containing manually curated NVIs with IC50/EC50 values in the nanomolar range. The authors priorit…

Development of a culture-independent whole-genome sequencing of Nipah virus using the MinION Oxford Nanopore platform #

2024 · Microbial Genetics | Methods and Protocols

This study developed a culture-independent, high-throughput sequencing protocol for Nipah virus using the Oxford Nanopore Technology platform, suitable for resource-limited settings.

Pathogenic Differences between Nipah Virus Bangladesh and Malaysia Strains in Primates: Implications for Antibody Therapy #

2016 · Scientific Reports

This paper investigates the pathogenic differences between two strains of Nipah virus (NiV), Malaysia (NiVM) and Bangladesh (NiVB), by exposing African green monkeys to each strain. The findings sugge…