Prophylactic protection from lethal henipavirus disease mediated by Nipah-derived defective interfering particles is influenced by challenge virus strain and viral species
Authors: Stephen R. Welch, Jessica R. Spengler, Jessica R. Harmon, JoAnn D. Coleman-McCray, Sarah C. Genzer, Katherine A. Davies, Teresa E. Sorvillo, Florine E. M. Scholte, Sergio E. Rodriguez, Joel M. Montgomery, Stuart T. Nichol, Christina F. Spiropoulou
Year: 2025
Journal: eBioMedicine
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105897
Summary
The paper explores the effectiveness of defective interfering particles (DIPs) in reducing clinical signs and lethality of henipavirus infection in Syrian hamsters.
Key Findings
- Prophylactic DIP treatment reduced clinical signs and lethality in Syrian hamsters.
- Single or repeated pre-exposure regimens provided protection, while post-exposure treatment was ineffective.
- DIPs derived from NiV strain Malaysia were most effective against NiV Malaysia but also provided strong protection against the closely related NiV Bangladesh with certain regimens.
- These DIPs offered minimal or no protection against lethality from the more distantly related Hendra virus.
Methodology
- Study Type: Experimental
- Sample Size: Syrian hamsters
Topics
Virus research, Medical countermeasures, Henipaviruses, Nipah virus, Hendra virus
Relevance
The study provides insights into the potential use of DIPs as a pre-exposure prophylactic for henipavirus infection, which could be crucial in combating these deadly viruses.
Source
View the entire paper: File:Main (3).pdf