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Dexamethasone treatment does not alter mortality but reduces pulmonary pathology in Nipah virus-infected Syrian hamsters

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Authors: Kerry Goldina, Bridget Brackney, Tessa Lutterman, Brandi N. Williamson, Manmeet Singh, Christopher Winsk, Kathleen Cordova, Meaghan Flagg, Emmie de Wit

Year: 2025

Journal: Antiviral Res

DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106263

Summary

The study investigates the effect of dexamethasone on Nipah virus-infected Syrian hamsters, finding that while it reduces pulmonary pathology, it does not increase survival.

Key Findings

  • Dexamethasone treatment produces hematologic changes in uninfected animals in a dose-dependent manner.
  • In NiV-infected animals, the anti-inflammatory dose of dexamethasone reduces pulmonary pathology, while the immunosuppressive dose has no effect.
  • The anti-inflammatory dose does not increase virus replication in tissues or virus shedding from the respiratory tract.
  • Despite reduced lung pathology, dexamethasone treatment does not increase survival after NiV challenge.

Methodology

  • Study Type: Experimental Study
  • Sample Size: Syrian Hamsters
  • Geographic Focus: Hamilton, MT, United States of America

Topics

Virology, Treatment, Hamster Model

Relevance

The study provides critical information on the effect of dexamethasone administration on the outcome of NiV infection.

Source

View the entire paper: File:Nihms-2107647.pdf

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