Subtopics
Kerala Public Health Response Model
Details coordinated response strategies including rapid containment, surveillance, and healthcare preparedness.
Infection Prevention and Control
Focuses on hospital infection control protocols and community-level prevention strategies.
Risk Communication Strategies
Explores public messaging, misinformation management, and communication frameworks during outbreaks.
Community Engagement During Outbreaks
Discusses participation of local communities, behavioral interventions, and trust-building approaches.
Surveillance Systems
Describes detection systems, reporting mechanisms, and early warning strategies.
International Health Regulations and Nipah
Outlines global coordination, reporting obligations, and international response mechanisms.
Vaccine Policy and Preparedness
Summarizes policy considerations and preparedness strategies related to vaccine development and deployment.
Public Health Policy and Outbreak Response
2024 - The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia
This paper discusses strategies to improve the clinical care for patients in Nipah outbreaks, focusing on enhancing early case detection, optimizing supportive care, adopting a syndromic approach, and exploring innovative trial designs. The goal is to better equip healthcare systems in Nipah-endemic regions to manage current and future outbreaks.
2022 - Annals of Medicine and Surgery
This paper discusses the recent re-emergence of Nipah virus (NiV) in India's Kozhikode district, causing the death of a 12-year-old boy. The authors aim to suggest recommendations to contain and mitigate the severe impact of the virus on affected populations.
2021 - Vaccine
A protein vaccine for Nipah and Hendra viruses is under clinical evaluation in a Phase 1 study. The paper discusses the standardized template to describe key considerations for the benefit-risk assessment of this type of vaccine.
2025 - Vaccine
This paper explores people's knowledge about Nipah virus and their willingness to participate in a vaccine trial in Bangladesh.
2025 - Journal of Infection and Public Health
This paper provides an overview of the scientific landscape, highlights research focus areas, and outlines potential future investigations on Langya henipavirus. It was done via a systematic review and bibliometric analysis over the past two decades.
2022 - GeroScience
This paper reviews the pathogenicity and interaction with the human immune system of Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses that can cause severe disease in humans and various mammalian species.
2025 - Virology Journal
This paper reviews the epidemiology, clinical features, and modes of transmission of Nipah virus infection, its geographical distribution, and endemic regions.
2017 - BMC Research Notes
This paper measures the cost of an intervention to prevent Nipah transmission in Bangladesh and estimates the cost of scaling it up in districts where spillover has been identified.
2024 - Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
This paper reviews the Nipah Virus (NiV), an emerging zoonotic disease primarily found in Southeast Asian regions with the highest number of cases in Bangladesh and India. The virus has a high fatality rate and there is no approved treatment or vaccine.
2023 - Tropical Medicine and Health
This paper reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, molecular surveillance, transmission dynamics, genetic diversity, reservoir host, clinical characteristics, and phylogenetics of Nipah virus in South and South East Asia.
2015 - Journal of Public Health Policy
This paper discusses policy options for controlling Nipah virus encephalitis in Bangladesh due to consumption of bat-contaminated date palm sap.
2021 - Molecular Psychiatry
This paper provides a reliable estimate of the worldwide prevalence of PTSD after large-scale pandemics and associated risk factors, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study includes data on SARS, H1N1, Poliomyelitis, Ebola, Zika, Nipah, MERS-CoV, H5N1, and COVID-19.
2024 - PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and community engagement in mitigating Nipah outbreaks. It also emphasizes the importance of developing new biologicals and anti-viral drugs to combat the disease.
2024 - Not specified in the text
A paper discussing the need for smart policy changes to prevent and manage Nipah virus outbreaks, emphasizing the importance of early detection systems and infection control protocols.
2024 - Health Science Reports
This paper explores ongoing challenges associated with Nipah virus transmission in Kerala, focusing on environmental factors, healthcare responses, and shifts in clinical manifestations. It highlights the need for proactive management strategies to prevent future outbreaks.
2021 - Indian J Med Res
This paper discusses the current status of outbreak-prone communicable diseases in the northern districts of West Bengal, focusing on malaria, Japanese encephalitis, scrub typhus, dengue, kalaazar, and Nipah virus. It emphasizes the need for multisectoral initiatives, understanding human-animal-vector dynamics, and strengthening healthcare setup.
2022 - Journal of Medical Virology
This letter discusses the concern over Nipah virus cases in India during the COVID-19 pandemic and the lack of specific pharmacological treatment for Nipah virus.
2023 - VIRULENCE
A new virus, Langya henipavirus (LayV), has been identified in China and has infected 35 individuals as of August 2021, causing respiratory symptoms but no known human fatalities. LayV is genetically related to Nipah and Hendra viruses, which can cause fatal human diseases.
Lessons from the pandemic: Responding to emerging zoonotic viral diseases—a Keystone Symposia report
2024 - Keystone Symposia
This paper presents lessons learned from the pandemic response in terms of dealing with emerging zoonotic viral diseases.
2023 - Open Veterinary Journal
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest control and prevention strategies against Nipah virus, focusing on vaccine development, antiviral drug discovery, early diagnosis, surveillance, and high-level biosecurity measures.
2024 - The Lancet Microbe
The paper discusses the re-emergence of Nipah virus, a highly virulent RNA virus, causing widespread zoonotic illnesses. It mentions recent outbreaks in various countries including India and Bangladesh, and the lack of licensed vaccines or specific medications for the virus.
2024 - Review
This paper reviews the safety and efficacy of therapeutic options for Nipah virus disease to prioritize drug candidates for further evaluation in clinical trials, suggesting trialling 1F5, m102.4, and remdesivir (alone or in combination) for prophylaxis and early treatment.
2025 - Expert Review of Vaccines
This paper reviews the progress and challenges in developing vaccines for Nipah virus, a high-consequence pathogen with no available vaccines or therapeutics.
2025 - Reviews in Medical Virology
This paper reviews the global research history and status quo of Nipah virus (NiV), a highly pathogenic single-stranded RNA virus that could potentially trigger a pandemic. The study shows a significant correlation between the number of articles on NiV and the economic strength or intensity of financing per country, but finds a comparatively low scientific commitment in major player countries and knowledge gaps in NiV infectiology.
2024 - Indian J Med Ethics
This paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of centralized government control in research on emerging infectious diseases, focusing on the case study of Nipah virus research in Kerala.
2020 - Epidemiology and Infection
This paper describes the response and control measures taken by the Indian Council of Medical Research and Kerala State Government to contain a Nipah virus outbreak in Ernakulam district, India.
Emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia in the period 2011–2022: a systematic literature review
2024 - Veterinary Quarterly
This paper conducts a systematic literature review of the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia from 2011 to 2022.
2024 - None
This paper reviews clinical trials for vaccine and monoclonal antibody candidates designed to prevent Nipah and Hendra diseases in humans.
2021 - Veterinary Medicine and Science
This paper reviews major zoonotic diseases that have caused outbreaks in humans in Bangladesh, such as Nipah virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza.
2021 - One Health
This paper reviews Hendra virus epidemiology, presents a biosecurity protocol for veterinary clinics, and describes diagnostic tests currently available and under development.
2021 - Annals of Global Health
The paper presents a summary of the re-emergence and response to Nipah virus outbreaks in Kerala, India in 2018 and 2019. It highlights the involvement of various stakeholders in managing the outbreak and advocates for the 'One Health approach' in public health.
2025 - Acta Medica (Hradec Králové)
This paper discusses the significance of henipaviruses (Hendra and Nipah viruses) as zoonotic threats with high mortality rates and limited therapeutic options. It highlights recent discoveries and the need for expanded research into effective antivirals, vaccines, and enhanced surveillance.
2023 - Animals
This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, prevention, and legislation related to Nipah virus infection, focusing on its zoonotic potential in swine. It highlights the severity of the disease in humans and pigs, with respiratory and neurological signs and high mortality.
2021 - BMJ Global Health
This paper conducts a scoping review on the available evidence for predicting future outbreaks of diseases on the WHO Blueprint list, including Ebola, Marburg virus, Zika virus, Lassa fever, Nipah and Henipaviral disease, Rift Valley fever, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Disease X.
2022 - Brain Behavior and Immunity
This paper discusses the emergence of a Nipah virus case in Kerala, India amidst COVID-19 and Zika outbreaks, and its potential burden on the healthcare system.
2022 - Clinical Medicine
This paper reviews Nipah virus encephalitis, an emerging zoonotic disease causing fatal encephalitis endemic to southeast Asia and the western Pacific. The review discusses its transmission, clinical presentation, and importance for UK clinicians to consider in returning travellers.
2024 - Journal Name (not provided in the text)
This paper reviews the epidemiology, ecology, disease, and development of vaccines and therapeutics for Henipaviruses, focusing on Hendra virus, Nipah virus, and their related viruses.
2024 - Front. Public Health
This paper discusses the epidemiology of Nipah virus infection in Kerala, India, offering insights for future health policies to enhance preparedness for future outbreaks.
2023 - FEMS Microbiology Reviews
This paper discusses the importance of learning from past pandemics to predict and minimize future viral outbreaks, focusing on viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, DENV, ZIKV, MAYV, LASV, noroviruses, influenza, Nipah virus, hantaviruses, Oropouche virus, MARV, and Ebola virus.
None - Unknown
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2021 - J Prev Med Hyg
The number of outbreaks of viral infections like Nipah, Zika, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, Kyasanur Forest Disease, and currently COVID-19 have been increasing in India for many years. There is a need for better surveillance, disease burden assessments, understanding vector biology, mapping endemic areas, strengthening intersectoral coordination, improving infection control practices, and ensuring the availability of Personal Protective Equipment’s, drugs, and vaccines.
2024 - Not specified in the provided text
The paper discusses the epidemiology, symptoms, transmission methods, diagnostic testing, and treatment of Nipah virus, highlighting its global health concern.
2022 - Maedica – a Journal of Clinical Medicine
This paper is a narrative review discussing the history and recent outbreaks of Nipah virus, focusing on its detection in Kerala with the Malaysian variant.
2023 - New Microbes and New Infections
This paper calls for vigilance, collaboration, and preparedness to address the recurrent Nipah Virus outbreaks in Kerala, India.
2025 - New Microbes and New Infections
This paper discusses the challenges posed by Nipah virus, a zoonotic pathogen, focusing on its diverse strains, recurrent outbreaks, diagnostic limitations, and the need for therapeutic advancements.
2024 - New Microbes and New Infections
The paper discusses the emergence of Nipah virus as a global public health threat, with recent outbreaks in Bangladesh raising concerns. There is currently no specific therapeutic intervention for infected individuals.
2019 - One Health
This paper argues for considering the wider socioeconomic consequences of infectious disease events beyond traditional public health sectors.
2021 - Vaccine
This paper investigates the feasibility of conducting a phase III Nipah vaccine trial in Bangladesh using simulations based on previous outbreaks.
2024 - Medicine®
This paper conducts a systematic review of case reports on Nipah virus infection to examine geographic distribution, mortality, transmission pathways, and available methods for diagnosis and treatment.
2025 - Microorganisms
This paper explores the re-emergence of the Nipah virus in Kerala, India, highlighting its critical concern for health authorities due to high fatality rates and lack of vaccine or curative treatment.
2021 - Elsevier Ltd.
This paper speculates that the Nipah virus, similar to SARS-CoV-2, could potentially cause a pandemic if not adequately researched due to its high death rate despite causing a low number of infections.
2014 - Glob Health Promot
The study explores the effectiveness of promoting bamboo skirt preparation and use among sap harvesters in Bangladesh to prevent Nipah virus transmission through date palm sap.
2024 - Pathogens
This paper discusses Nipah and Hendra viruses, which are deadly zoonotic paramyxoviruses with a case fatality rate of up to 75%. The authors emphasize the need for research on these viruses due to their extreme pathogenicity, pandemic potential, and lack of established antiviral therapeutics and vaccines.
2022 - PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
This review highlights the risk of infections with henipaviruses to both livestock and humans, providing a comprehensive overview of documented outbreaks, their impact on the economy and health systems.
2023 - PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
This research paper discusses a hospital-based Nipah sentinel surveillance in Bangladesh that has been ongoing since 2006 to promptly detect Nipah cases and respond to outbreaks.
2024 - Not specified (Letter to Editor)
This paper emphasizes the importance of saliva samples as a non-invasive and cost-effective diagnostic tool for Nipah virus detection, enabling earlier detection and intervention.
2022 - Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
This paper assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perception of Nipah Virus (NVD) among healthcare providers in South India. The study found that while most participants were aware of NiV symptoms and primary reservoirs, knowledge gaps existed regarding transmission factors and institutional protocols.
2023 - Viruses
This paper provides an overview of the current status of diagnostics for Nipah virus (NiV), a high mortality rate zoonosis. Early diagnosis is crucial to limit outbreaks and provide appropriate care. qRT-PCR is currently considered optimal for acute NiV infection assessment, with different sensitivities depending on the platform used.
2024 - Viruses
This paper provides an update on Nipah virus (NiV), a high mortality zoonotic paramyxovirus responsible for numerous outbreaks in South and South-East Asia. Human infection manifests as encephalitis with high mortality rates, and no therapeutic agents or vaccines have been approved for human use.
2024 - Not specified in the provided text
This paper reviews current knowledge on emerging zoonotic paramyxoviruses, focusing on recently discovered viruses and their potential to cause future epidemics. It explores host-switching events, viral replication strategies, immune evasion tactics, ecological factors influencing virus emergence, public health impact, and the need for enhanced surveillance, improved diagnostic tools, and proactive strategies.
2025 - Academic Editors: Marc Jamin, Glenn Marsh and Jennifer Barr
This paper is a systematic review with meta-analysis on Nipah virus infections occurring in healthcare workers, estimating seroprevalence and case fatality ratio.
2022 - Annals of Medicine and Surgery
This paper discusses the challenges presented by the intersecting outbreaks of Zika, Nipah, and Kala-azar in India amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and provides recommendations to help alleviate the situation.
2024 - Heliyon
This paper synthesizes HiBiT-tagged Nipah virus-like particles for in vitro BSL-2 handling and rapid antibody neutralization studies.
2025 - Cell
The paper determines the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the Nipah virus polymerase complex and performs structural, biophysical, and functional analyses to understand features critical for RNA replication and transcription. The findings could aid in the development of antivirals.
2025 - eBioMedicine
The paper explores the effectiveness of defective interfering particles (DIPs) in reducing clinical signs and lethality of henipavirus infection in Syrian hamsters.
2023 - iScience
The study investigates the differential host-immune kinetics associated with SARS-CoV-2 variants during different time periods of Pre-VOC and VOCs (Delta & Omicron). The findings suggest that Omicron infection is marked by a robust type 1 interferon response, which was largely missing during Pre-VOC and Delta waves. The study highlights the eventual adaptation of host to immune activation patterns that interrupt virus evolution with enhanced immune-evasion mutations and counteraction mechanisms.
2015 - Virus Research
This paper discusses how bats are reservoirs for several severe emerging infectious diseases, including Ebola virus, SARS coronavirus, MERS coronavirus, Nipah virus, and Hendra virus.